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STANISŁAW ŻÓŁKIEWSKI.
Stanisław Żółkiewski (1547 – 1620) was a Polish nobleman, magnate and military commander who took part in many campaigns both in Poland and on its southern and eastern border.
He held a number of notable posts in the administration of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, including the castellan of Lwów (from 1590), voivod of Kijów Voivodship and Great Chancellor of the Crown (from 1618). Following 1588 he was also a Field Crown Hetman, in 1613 promoted to Grand Hetman of the Crown. During his lifetime he won major military victories against Muscovy, the Ottoman Empire and Tatars. He was the first European invader of Russia to seize Moscow, a distinction shared only with Napoleon. Żółkiewski attended schools in Lwów, was well read and spoke foreign languages. He was secretary to King Stefan Batory. Between 1594 and 1596 he defeated the Cossack uprisng of Severyn Nalivaiko. In 1607 he defeated the Zebrzydowski's Rebellion in the battle of Guzów. In 1610 he achieved yet another significant victory in the battle of Klushino against the Tsardom of Russia. As an effect of his successful campaign, Żółkiewski seized Moscow and has taken the tsar Vasiliy Shuyskiy captive during the Dymitriads. He supported the election of Władysław IV Waza for tsar and the idea of liberal personal union between the Commonwealth and the Tsardom of Russia.
Since 1612 he was a teacher and tutor of Stanisław Koniecpolski, future hetman and military commander. Both in 1612 and 1617 he commanded military campaigns to Moldavia (Moldavian Magnate Wars) and Ukraine. Despite his old age (he was over 70), he continued his active service as a military commander until the very end.
Żółkiewski was killed on 7 October 1620 during the Polish retreat after the battle of Cecora against the Turks in Moldova near Prut river, during the Moldavian Magnate Wars. After the battle, his body was desecrated, his head cut off and sent to Constantinople as a war trophy. It was later bought by his widow, together with Żółkiewski's son who was taken captive during the battle. His body was buried in St Lawrence Church in Żółkiew (now Zhovkva, Ukraine), the town he founded. His death gave rise to a veritable legend about the Christian knight slain by the pagans in defense of the Holy Faith. Żółkiewski's assets, including Żółkiew Castle, eventually passed through inheritance to Jakub Sobieski whose son Jan was another great commander in Polish history.

en.wikipedia.org

Denomination: 10 Zlotych Year: 2010 Material: Silver Description: Commemorative coin 'Great Battles – Kłuszyn. Stanisław Żуłkiewski'. Obverse: In the center, a stylized image of Hetman Stanisław Żуłkiewski with two armies in the background: the Polish army, on the left-hand side, and the Muscovite army, on the right. On the left-hand side, an image of the Eagle established as the State Emblem of the Republic of Poland against the background of the Polish army. On the right-hand side, at the bottom an inscription, 10 ZŁ. On the left-hand side, at the bottom a semicircular notation of the year of issue, 2010, and an inscription, RZECZPOSPOLITA POLSKA. The Mint’s mark, M/W, under the eagle’s left leg. Reverse: In the center, stylized images of hussars on galloping horses, holding lances with pennants. At the bottom, a stylized inscription, KŁUSZYN 1610, on the right-hand side. 925/1000 standard silver, weight – 14.14 g., dimensions 40.00 x – 32.00 mm (ellipse), edge – plain. Mintage: 60 000. Designer – Robert Kotowicz. Put into circulation since July 02, 2010. Mintage: 60 000. The coin was struck at the National Bank of Poland. FMM hasn't got this coin yet. Country or town: Poland

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